生物与医学2021journals.plos.org
养猫对主人肠道微生物群的影响
Effects of cat ownership on the gut microbiota of owners
进阶 · 约 35 分钟读完前置知识:肠道菌群基础、微生物组测序常识、基础统计与观察性研究
导读
这篇 PLOS ONE 研究比较养猫者与非养猫者的肠道菌群,探讨养猫与肠道微生物组成、功能及肥胖等指标的关系。作者报告养猫可能影响正常体重个体肠道菌群的结构与功能,功能预测显示 B 族维生素、氨基酸、碳水化合物代谢及短链脂肪酸相关通路增加,但未发现养猫与肥胖的明确关联。需注意这属于观察性关联研究,因果性和实际影响有限。
HN 关注点:养猫是否真能通过肠道菌群影响健康,以及这类相关性研究的统计显著是否等于实际有意义。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里:质疑 1 补充 1
补充摘引论文结果,强调养猫与疾病相关菌群、菌群功能及短链脂肪酸通路的关联。
谁知道净效应是什么,但摘出结果段落最后几句,会让人觉得养猫是个好主意:……因此,养猫可能参与调节与疾病相关的肠道微生物丰度;……从肠道菌群角度看,研究不仅支持养猫与肥胖可能无关,还说明养猫会影响正常体重个体肠道菌群的结构和功能。功能预测还表明养猫会增加 B 族维生素、氨基酸合成和碳水化合物代谢,并显著提高短链脂肪酸相关通路(4-羟基苯乙酸降解、TCA 循环 VII、甘油降解为丁醇)。
marricks查看英文原文
Who knows what the net affect is but taking the final sentences of some of the results paragraphs makes it seem like taking care of a cat is a good idea: > [...] Therefore, cat ownership may be involved in mediating the abundance of disease-related gut microbes. > [...] Therefore, from the perspective of gut microbiota, our study not only supports that there might be no correlation between cat ownership and obesity but also clarifies that cat ownership can affect the structure and function of gut microbiota in NW [normal weight] individuals. Including all of this next paragraph as it all seems good... > Functional predictions indicated that cat ownership would lead to increased synthesis of B vitamins, amino acids and carbohydrate metabolism. Moreover, SCFA-related pathways (4-hydroxyphenylacetate degradation, TCA cycle VII (acetate producers), and glycerol degradation to butanol) were significantly increased. As the biosynthetic precursor of cofactors, vitamins play a vital role in organisms. The gut microbiota can provide various vitamins for the host [41]. Increasing glucose metabolism in the gut microbiota may be beneficial to host blood glucose control [42]. SCFAs can participate in intestinal epithelial energy supply, affect the intestinal environment (such as pH and electrolyte balance), and regulate host material and energy metabolism. SCFAs are related to the occurrence of various energy metabolism diseases. SCFAs have anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, the influence of cat ownership on gut microbiota function may affect the health of the owner.
质疑质疑统计显著性与实际效应大小的区别,认为组间差异可能被组内变异淹没。
如果我读散点图没读错,两个人群均值之间的差异远小于各自群体内一个标准差的变化。所以这些相关性也许在技术上统计显著,但不一定有实际影响。
brandmeyer查看英文原文
If I'm reading the scatter plots correctly, it looks like the differences in the means between the two populations is much smaller than the one-sigma variation within each population. So while the correlations may technically be statistically significant, they aren't necessarily impactful.
历次讨论
- 2021Hacker News 讨论帖205 分 · 157 评
同领域还值得读
CRISPR 在活体动物中消除 HIV-1 感染
CRISPR eliminates HIV-1 infection in live animals
报告利用 CRISPR/Cas9 基因编辑技术在活体动物中清除 HIV-1 感染:研究人员通过腺病毒载体递送特定的 Cas9 系统,从被感染细胞中切除嵌入的 HIV 病毒 DNA。
生物与医学2017 · 1,455 分 · 239 评入门 · 约 30 分钟编辑精选保护区飞行昆虫生物量27年下降75%
75% decline over 27 years in total flying insect biomass in protected areas
这篇发表于 PLOS ONE 的研究通过在德国保护区长达 27 年的昆虫生物量监测,发现飞行昆虫总量下降了约 75%。
生物与医学2017 · 901 分 · 432 评入门 · 约 45 分钟编辑精选为什么大多数已发表的研究发现是错的
Why Most Published Research Findings Are False (2005)
这篇 2005 年发表于 PLOS Medicine 的经典论文由 John Ioannidis 撰写,论证了在统计功效不足、研究偏倚和多重检验等因素下,大多数已发表的医学研究发…
生物与医学2022 · 388 分 · 351 评入门 · 约 60 分钟编辑精选人类免疫系统的物理接线图
A physical wiring diagram for the human immune system
这篇 Nature 论文系统绘制了人类免疫系统的“物理接线图”:通过大规模实验鉴定免疫细胞表面受体之间的相互作用(包括约 30 种此前未知的受体互作),并结合定量计算模型模拟免疫…
生物与医学2022 · 342 分 · 49 评专业 · 约 90 分钟编辑精选脂肪组织在减重后仍保留肥胖的表观遗传记忆
Adipose tissue retains an epigenetic memory of obesity after weight loss
这篇 Nature 论文研究了肥胖对脂肪组织的长期影响:即使减重成功,脂肪细胞仍保留着肥胖时期的表观遗传记忆,可能解释为什么减重后容易反弹。
生物与医学2025 · 263 分 · 327 评进阶 · 约 45 分钟编辑精选