生物与医学2017journals.plos.org编辑精选
保护区飞行昆虫生物量27年下降75%
75% decline over 27 years in total flying insect biomass in protected areas
入门 · 约 45 分钟读完前置知识:生态学基础、昆虫学常识
导读
这篇发表于 PLOS ONE 的研究通过在德国保护区长达 27 年的昆虫生物量监测,发现飞行昆虫总量下降了约 75%。下降发生在受保护的区域,说明栖息地保护本身不足以阻止昆虫锐减,农药使用、农业集约化等因素可能是重要原因。
HN 关注点:这一硬数据印证了昆虫种群崩溃的普遍观察,讨论焦点集中在农药滥用、生态崩溃的后果以及个人还能做什么。
后来怎么样
这篇论文引发了全球对'昆虫末日'(insect apocalypse)的广泛关注,直接催生了后续大量昆虫数量下降研究,成为昆虫多样性危机讨论的标志性文献。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里:支持 1 补充 2 亲历 1
补充农药滥用是昆虫消失的重要原因,美国草坪农药用量甚至高于农田
这不仅是栖息地被直接破坏的结果,也与农药使用有关。据资料,美国每年在草坪上使用超过十亿磅杀虫剂,且几乎缺乏监管。这些农药本来就是设计来杀虫的,如今昆虫消失又何必惊讶?我们正在把地球消毒成无菌状态。有数据显示,郊区草坪每英亩农药用量可达农业用地的 3.5 倍。
titzer查看英文原文
It's not only a consequence of direct habitat destruction, but also the use of pesticides. According to https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2946087/, more than a billion pounds of pesticides are used on lawns in the US every year. There is little regulation there. All of those pesticides are designed to kill bugs. Why are we now surprised that bugs are disappearing? We are sterilizing the planet. According to this (http://www.beyondpesticides.org/assets/media/documents/lawn/factsheets/LAWNFACTS&FIGURES_8_05.pdf), we use up to 3.5x more pesticides per acre on suburban lawns than on agriculture.
亲历亲历印证:熟悉的蝴蝶近乎消失,新物种入侵,后果未知
这是用硬数据证实了我们已知的事。我小时候每年都能见到的几种蝴蝶,现在五年都难得一见一次,只能带孩子去看因为对他们来说是头一回。另一方面,有些甲虫、蚂蚁、蚊子甚至黄蜂是近二三十年才出现的新物种。这些变化的后果……恐怕我们很快就会知道了。
avip查看英文原文
Yes. This is a case of hard data confirming what we already know. As in - few types of butterflies I used to like, and see yearly as a kid - are gone. I see them now once in 5 years, if lucky. I bring my kids to look because it's a first time for them. On the other hand, some types of beetles, ants, flies, mosquitoes, even wasps - are just new. They were not here 20-30 years ago. Now, what are the consequences of all that... I kind of feel we'll find out sooner than we'd like.
支持生态崩溃是普遍共识,但扭转所需的社会动员规模令人绝望
这样的结果只是印证了所有不完全生活在城市和商业虚拟世界里的人早已知道的事:我们这个有生命的星球正在死去。我认识的在欧洲、澳洲、新西兰、印尼和东南亚农村生活了几十年的人,都确信当地生态在崩溃且在加速。我不确定这些认知此刻还有多大用处——扭转局面需要我们不知道如何推动和协调的速度与规模。我看是没救了。
crispinb查看英文原文
Results like this are some confirmation of what everyone not entirely swaddled in the virtual worlds of city and business is already entirely aware of: that our living planet is dying. All the people I know who have lived in rural areas for decades (in Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia and SE. Asia) are in no doubt that their local ecologies are collapsing, and that the collapse is accelerating. I'm not sure how useful the knowledge is at this late stage. Turning things around would require changes of a pace and scale that we have no idea how to motivate and coordinate. Fork and done, I reckon.
补充读者寻求应对环境危机的务实个人行动方案
作为一个地球居民,这看起来很糟糕。除了囤弹药和生存物资,我还能做点什么积极的事?有没有致力于消除农药的组织(假设那是原因)?如果要给议员打电话,我该支持或反对什么?过去一年读新闻让我越来越被动和焦虑,我想投入一部分时间做点什么,但不确定面对环境恶化、全球变暖、海洋酸化这类大问题,有什么务实的行动可做。
carbonmachine查看英文原文
Being an earth dwelling human, this seems pretty bad. Aside from buying ammo or survival rations, what's something proactive that I can do? Is there an organization that is trying to rid the world of pesticides (assuming that's the cause)? If I opt to call my representatives, what am I calling in support of/against? Over the last year, reading the news had made me more passive and worried. I want to dedicate a slice of time to doing something to solve the problem, but I'm not certain if there's anything pragmatic to be done against big areas of environmental concern like this, global warming, ocean acidity, and etc.
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