生物与医学2024jamanetwork.com
人脑嗅球中的微塑料
Microplastics in the olfactory bulb of the human brain
入门 · 约 20 分钟读完前置知识：基础生物学常识、微塑料概念
导读
这篇发表于 JAMA Network Open 的研究在人类尸检样本的嗅球中检测到了微塑料，表明微塑料能够进入人脑的嗅觉区域。作者指出这一发现凸显了进一步研究微塑料神经毒性及其对人体健康影响的必要性。
HN 关注点：微塑料'无处不在'的又一重磅证据——这次是直接在人脑组织中检出，引发 HN 读者对微塑料实际危害性证据是否充分的激烈争论。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里：质疑 2 补充 1 亲历 1
质疑质疑：目前缺乏确凿证据证明微塑料对人体的实际危害，希望看到高质量研究。
有人有关于微塑料负面影响（最好是对人类）的高质量论文吗？我之前找过，很难找到确凿证明其有害及致害机制的论文。关于微塑料'无处不在'的报道很多，但作为外行可以说，这可能恰恰因为它们不太活跃，不活跃或许意味着其实没那么有害，只是存在于那里。以本文为例，摘要只表明微塑料存在，结论却是'需要进一步研究其神经毒性效应及对人体健康的影响'。当然，做好的研究极难，因为很难找到未受微塑料污染的对照组。我不是想否认其危害，只是想找些好的相关资料。
cube2222查看英文原文
Does someone have good papers on the negative effects of microplastics (ideally on humans)? A while back I tried to look for those, and it was nontrivial to find papers that would conclusively show that they are harmful, and the mechanisms of this harmfulness. There's a ton of press about where they are (everywhere) but (as a layman) you could argue it's because they're not very reactive, and this lack of reactivity could mean they're not actually that harmful, and are just there. Take TFA as an example. Based on the abstract it shows that microplastics are there, but concludes with "highlighting the need for further research on their neurotoxic effects and implications for human health". Now of course doing good studies about this is extremely hard, as it's hard to find subjects untouched by microplastics for control groups, but I hope someone here can provide me with some good sources on this. To be clear, I'm not trying to deny the harmfulness here, I'm just looking for good related content.
质疑反驳质疑者：这是'选择性严谨'——对 AI 危害不要求证据，对微塑料危害却要求完美证据。
我相当确信这个评论区是我见过的对'选择性严谨要求'的最佳示范之一，尤其是与 AI 相关文章的评论区对比来看。当预测未经证实的技术对全球复杂经济的影响时，人们谈论'显而易见的必然性'；而当人们担忧人类近期以惊人速度涂满整个星球的化学品似乎深入各种生物组织——而几乎所有类似生物累积性的东西最终都被证明至少有一定危害（只是需要很长时间才弄清楚）——人们却说'还没有大样本纵向 RCT 在权威期刊上证明每种塑料的具体危害，所以谁知道呢'。
advael查看英文原文
I am fairly convinced that this comment section is among the best demonstrations for "isolated demands for rigor" I have personally ever seen, especially paired with any comment section about an AI-related article When we are trying to predict the implications of unproven technologies on complex worldwide economies, there is talk of "obvious inevitability" When we express concerns that chemicals humanity recently started coating the entire planet with at an alarming rate seem to get really deep into every kind of living tissue and nearly everything else we've ever seen bioaccumulate like that has caused a lot of unforeseen issues that took a long time to suss out but most turn out to be at least somewhat harmful, there's all this "well we don't have longitudinal RCTs with enormous sample sizes showing the specific harms of every specific plastic published in prestigious journals yet so who knows really"
补充悲观：微塑料污染基本无解，没有应对方案。
有什么应对计划吗？人们嘲笑末日论者，但这个问题是无法修复的。（PS：原文打成了 boomers，我指的是 Doomers，即到处喊世界完蛋的人）
ClumsyPilot查看英文原文
What the plan to deal with this? People make fun of doomers, but this unfixable. PS: originally this said boomers, but I meant Doomers, as I. People who run around screaming the world is doomed
亲历亲历联想：烘干机排出的合成纤维绒毛可能就是微塑料来源之一。
开始把我的烘干机绒毛过滤器当作有毒物质来看了。
gravitronic查看英文原文
Starting to eye my dryer lint as a toxic substance
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