能源、气候与材料2017nature.com
不同国家商品盐中的微塑料存在情况
The presence of microplastics in commercial salts from different countries
入门 · 约 30 分钟读完前置知识:微塑料基本概念、基础统计学
导读
这篇论文检测了来自 8 个不同国家的 17 种市售食盐中的微塑料含量。结果发现大于 149 μm 的微塑料负荷很低(每公斤 0–10 个颗粒),因此食用食盐带来的健康风险可以忽略不计,但作者提醒随着塑料使用量增加,海洋和水产品中的微塑料累积仍需定期监测。
HN 关注点:微塑料污染这一环境议题,讨论焦点是研究结果的可信度以及环境政策应如何基于此类监测数据展开。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里:支持 1 质疑 1 补充 1 亲历 1
支持认为该研究展示了环境政策应有的样子:基于监测数据讨论成本收益,而非空泛争论
论文结论是:8 个国家的食盐中大于 149 μm 的微塑料负荷不显著,食用带来的健康风险可忽略;但塑料使用和丢弃的增加趋势可能导致微塑料在海洋湖泊中逐渐累积,因此需要对各类海产品定期定量检测。我觉得这正是环境政治该有的样子:联邦政府是否应该资助微塑料定期监测?这是个需要权衡优先级的成本收益难题,而不是'该不该有 EPA'或'气候变化是否真实'这类问题。
jknoepfler查看英文原文
The conclusion of the article: "The results of this study did not show a significant load of MPs larger than 149 μm in salts originating from 8 different countries and, therefore, negligible health risks associated with the consumption of salts. The increasing trend of plastic use and disposal50, however, might lead to the gradual accumulation of MPs in the oceans and lakes and, therefore, in products from the aquatic environments. This should necessitate the regular quantification and characterization of MPs in various sea products." Is interesting to me, because I feel like this is where environments politics properly starts. Should the US federal government (insert your home gov't, or the EU, or whatever) fund regular monitoring for micro plastic levels? Maybe! it's a hard cost/benefit question that involves weighing priorities and careful thinking. But that's the kind of question we should be asking when it comes to environmental politics, not "should the EPA exist," or "is climate change real?"
质疑质疑检测结果偏低,与 FDA 食品杂质标准和海洋污染程度相比显得过于干净
他们只提取出 72 个颗粒,是不是太少了?方法部分说每个品牌用了 1 公斤盐,共 17 公斤。对比 FDA 食品缺陷标准——胡椒粉平均每 50 克允许 2 根鼠毛、玉米粉每 50 克允许 1 只完整昆虫——考虑到海洋里的塑料污染,17 公斤盐里只有 72 个颗粒听起来干净得惊人。
abeppu查看英文原文
Does it seem really low that they only extracted 72 particles? In their methods section they mention using 1kg of salt from each of the 17 brands. Skimming FDA guidelines for defects in food, I see "action levels" like "average of 2 or more rodent hairs per 50g" for ground pepper, or "average of 1 or more whole insects per 50 grams" for cornmeal. 72 particles in 17 kg of salt sounds really shockingly clean given all the stuff in the oceans.
补充结果令人安心,但建议通过核沉降同位素对比进一步探究塑料来源
这结果让人安心。但我好奇盐的开采情况——只有一个样本完全无塑料,也许塑料大多混杂其中。如果真想深究,可以对比塑料含量与氯-36(核沉降)水平的关系。
mirimir查看英文原文
I guess that's reassuring. But I wonder how much salt is mined. Only one sample was plastic-free. But maybe it's mostly commingled. If one were really interested, one could look at plastic content vs Cl-36 (nuclear fallout) level.
亲历根据数据选择法国盐品牌,顺带推荐其口味
论文提到每公斤盐的微塑料数量从 0(法国 F 品牌样本)到 10(葡萄牙 N 品牌样本)不等。看来我会继续买法国的 Guérande 粗海盐了,何况它撒在肉上真的很好吃 :)
vmarsy查看英文原文
> The abundance of MPs per salt sample ranged from 0 per kg in the salt sample # France-F (i.e. Country of origin: France, brand F) to 10 in the salt sample # Portugal-N I guess I'll keep buying the French Gros Sel de Guérande from world market, plus the fact that it tastes really good when sprinkled on meat :)
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