物理与天文2017arxiv.org
向星际小行星发射航天器
Sending a Spacecraft to the Interstellar Asteroid
进阶 · 约 45 分钟读完前置知识:轨道力学基础、航天任务设计基础
导读
这篇论文研究如何向首个被发现的星际小行星'Oumuamua 发射航天器进行近距离探测。作者分析了可行的发射方案与轨道设计,指出利用现有或近期的运载火箭仍有机会在数年内追上该天体,尽管发射窗口非常紧迫。
HN 关注点:Oumuamua 是人类首次观测到的星际天体,HN 读者热议是否值得紧急发射任务去追它,以及我们是否缺乏应对星际天体的快速反应能力。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里:支持 1 质疑 1 补充 2
补充政治与机构规划周期是最大障碍,私人航天任务可能是唯一出路
没关系,我们可以等下一个,反正它们总是成群出现。;) 不过这类任务最大的障碍是在短时间内协调政治意愿和机构目标。NASA 按 5 年、10 年的周期规划,执行这种任务意味着推迟已在进行的项目,而项目人员流失会危及原计划。能否用猎鹰重型或 BFR 认证飞行搭载一个几乎空载的载荷去追?完全私人的任务可能是唯一选择。补充:SpaceX 可能无法回收任何助推器,所以吸引力有限;但如果采用交叉加注,或许能回收第一级分离的助推器。
garmaine查看英文原文
It’s okay, we can wait for the next one. They come in threes anyway. ;) Unfortunately the biggest hurdle to such a mission would be aligning political will and agency goals on a short time frame. NASA plans thingsnon 5 and 10 year horizons, so sending this mission means delaying something already in progress, which jeopardizes that project as everyone who was working on it goes off to do other things :( Can it be reached by a nearly empty payload on a Falcon Heavy or BFR certification flight? Getting a fully private mission might be the only option. Edit: just realized SpaceX might not be able to recover any stages from such a launch, so maybe not so enticing. With cross fueling they might get he first set of ejected stages though.
补充与其追这一个,不如加强观测网络以便提前发现并拦截下一个
星际小行星应该并不罕见。更好的做法是加强地基望远镜观测网络,以便更早发现未来的星际天体。这样做的附带好处是,我们也能对可能威胁地球的近地小行星获得更充分的预警。一旦对某颗小行星有更长的预警时间,并在它接近而非远离时捕捉它,拦截会容易得多。
CydeWeys查看英文原文
We don't suspect that interstellar asteroids are particularly rare. The best course of action would be to beef up the Earth-based telescope observation network so that we can discover future ones further out. As a side effect we'd get much better forewarning of potentially life-endangering near-Earth adteorids as well. Once you have better lead time on an asteroid, and catch it coming rather than going, it's easier to intercept.
支持这次事件暴露了我们缺乏拦截星际天体的快速反应能力
这才是我想看的!非常酷。我认为这是一记警钟:我们没有任何随时待命、可以拦截星际天体的快速反应系统。就算这次赶不上,下次也必须做好准备。
Mizza查看英文原文
Now this is what I'm talking about! Really cool stuff! I think this was kind of a wake up call that we don't have any kind of rapid-response system ready and waiting to intercept interstellar objects. Even if we don't get this one, we should damn sure be ready for the next one.
质疑从速度看它不像外星飞船,太慢了;除非是刻意减速借太阳引力
我翻了所有 Reddit 帖子,主要结论是它不可能是飞船——不是因为形状,而是因为速度太慢。有人算过,以它当前的速度要 5 万年才能到另一颗恒星。能造出这种东西的外星人不会想以'自行车'速度航行——除非他们减速利用太阳引力转弯,就像开 500 马力的车也要在弯道减速一样。
joering2查看英文原文
I went thru all Reddit posts and major conclusion was that it cannot be a spaceship - not because of its shape but rather because it was going much too slow. Someone calculated with its current speed it needs 50,000 years to get to another star (thank you for correction). So no alien with technology to build something like that would want to ride at a "bicycle" speed. Unless of course they slowed down to take a turn (using Suns gravity pull), just like riding 500HP car you slow down in the corners to leave them safely. Edit: corrected, thank you friend.
历次讨论
- 2017Hacker News 讨论帖223 分 · 73 评
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