经济与社会科学2025nber.org
停用 Facebook 和 Instagram 对用户情绪状态的影响
The effect of deactivating Facebook and Instagram on users' emotional state
进阶 · 约 50 分钟读完前置知识：随机对照实验、效应量与标准差、社会心理学基础
导读
这篇 NBER 工作论文通过随机实验研究停用 Facebook 和 Instagram 对用户情绪状态的影响。结果显示效应出奇地小：停用 Facebook 仅使幸福感提升约 1/16 个标准差，Instagram 更小，且测量期恰逢大选（理论上影响最大的时期）。
HN 关注点：HN 读者长期关注社交媒体对心理健康的影响，这篇随机实验的结论（效应极小）与普遍预期相悖，引发对研究方法和资助方的讨论。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里：质疑 1 补充 1 亲历 2
质疑质疑效应量过小，并怀疑研究资助方立场
令人意外的是影响如此之小：停用 Facebook 只让你快乐 1/16 个标准差，Instagram 更少，而且这还是在大选期间测量的——理论上效应最大的时期。效应量这么小真有点离谱！（我下一个比较愤世嫉俗的念头是：谁资助了这项研究？）
nomilk查看英文原文
The surprise here is how little of an effect it has. Deactivating facebook makes you only 1/16th of one standard deviation happier. And instagram even less. And this was measured during elections, when the effect is likely to be greatest. Kinda crazy that the magnitude is so small! (my next [admittedly rather cynical] thought is "who funded this?")
补充主张取消算法信息流，回归熟人社交
我认为当前社交媒体的许多问题可以通过取消"信息流"来解决，改为只展示朋友、家人和现实中认识的人的帖子。这可能与大科技公司的盈利模式冲突，也违背大多数人的习惯。我个人希望有一个小社交网络，能和同学、远方的家人保持联系，而不必看到无关内容，比如地球另一端政客的蠢话或博眼球的网红。
8s2ngy查看英文原文
I believe many of the problems in our current social media landscape could be solved by eliminating the "feed" and instead displaying posts, updates, and pictures from friends, family, and those we know in real life. This approach might conflict with the profit models of big tech social media and could go against what most people have become accustomed to. Personally, I would love a smaller social network where I can stay connected with my school friends, college friends, and distant family without having to see irrelevant posts, like some stupid remark from a politician halfway around the world or influencers doing something outrageous just for attention.
亲历不用社交媒体正导致被社会边缘化，退出成本越来越高
我算是个异类，一直觉得社交媒体弊大于利所以从未使用。但越来越难坚持了：随着孩子长大，他们几乎所有社交活动都和社交媒体挂钩，至少也有个 WhatsApp 群。最近我们甚至不知道孩子班级有家长群，直到有人当面问我们为什么没去保龄球。我能理解这给别人带来不便，但几年前我深度参与过隐私研究，实在不愿把所有通信和照片都交给 Meta。
kleiba查看英文原文
I'm certainly an anomaly but since to me the downsides of social media have always been quite prominent and seemed to outweigh the benefits by a margin, I never jumped on the social media train. But I've got to say, it's getting harder and harder to keep that up. As our kids get older especially, almost all of their social activities are somehow tied to social media one way or the other: no matter what they're joining, minimally there's a WhatsApp group. My wife has reluctantly joined WhatsApp and if it wasn't for that, it feels like we would pretty much be destined to become social outcasts. In one recent instance, we weren't even aware of a parent group for one of our children's school class until someone asked us (in person!) why we didn't come bowling the previous night. We had no idea, and no-one sees the necessity to include someone who - for whatever reason - is not on WhatsApp. I can see the argument that we are inconveniencing others by not wanting to be reachable to what has now become a standard means of being in touch, and that we cannot expect others to jump through hoops just to include us. But a few years back, I was quite deeply involved in privacy research and I definitely feel no inclination to share all of my communications (and pictures) with Meta.
亲历亲历社交媒体"社交性"消亡，互动枯竭令人沮丧
Twitter 倒下前我有 700 多粉丝，随便发个想法几分钟内就能和陌生人展开有趣对话，那是我现代互联网上最大的快乐来源。如今按 X 自己的指标，我的推文平均只有 13-20 次浏览。Mastodon 和 Bluesky 上粉丝也只有十几个。这对我影响很负面，唯一的安慰是现在和 ChatGPT 聊天，虽然没那么有趣。Instagram 如今就是脑腐，我发的东西没人看，何必 bother。
donatj查看英文原文
Before its fall, I had over 700 followers on Twitter. I could post any random thought and within minutes be having an interesting conversation with some rando about it. For example I pondered why phone manufacturers didn't use a p2p protocol for distributing updates and had an enlightening conversation with a person who worked for a major telco chiming in as to why that would be problematic for their infrastructure. This was my biggest source of joy on the modern internet. When the walls fell and everybody left, I dropped 200 followers to 500 but by X's own metrics no one sees my tweets. I would estimate between 13 and 20 is my average view count. When I do post, I am lucky a single person interacts, and it is almost always someone I know in the real world. I have presences on Mastodon and Bluesky, but my follower count on both remains in the low teens. I don't think the market is there anymore for "dude that ponders technology questions". I tweet like it's 2010 and no one cares anymore. This was the death of social media for me. This was the last place I was really "social" on the internet and it died. Genuinely this has had a very negative effect on me, the only somewhat of a silver lining is that I now have these conversations with ChatGPT. It's not as much fun though. Instagram is just brainrot these days. I'd used it for years to post my absolute best photos as a sort of curated gallery. No one cares anymore. Nothing I post ever gets seen. Why bother. That sums up my general opinion of all social media these days, why bother.
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