生物与医学2024academic.oup.com
睡眠规律性比睡眠时长更能预测死亡率
Sleep regularity is a stronger predictor of mortality than sleep duration (2023)
进阶 · 约 30 分钟读完前置知识:流行病学/队列研究基础、生存分析(Cox 模型)、睡眠健康常识
导读
这篇论文在一个约 6 万人(N=60,977)的队列中,用加速度计客观记录受试者一周的睡眠,并追踪约 10–15 年后的死亡率,发现睡眠规律性比睡眠时长更能预测全因死亡率,以及心血管代谢疾病和癌症死亡率。换句话说,“每天睡得差不多”比“睡够几个小时”对长期健康更重要。
HN 关注点:这个反直觉的结论(规律性比时长更重要)以及可操作的启示,同时质疑仅凭一周睡眠数据推断 10 多年后死亡率的因果解释。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里:质疑 1 补充 1 亲历 2
亲历亲历:固定起床时间 + 白天深度工作与运动,能有效养成规律睡眠。
我发现保证睡眠规律最有效的办法是固定起床时间。如果没有固定起床时间,而一开始把闹钟设得很早,头几周会感觉非常难受。但最终一切都值得:白天的困倦会消失,晚上身体会自然想早点休息。另一个策略是用深度工作和运动填满白天,确保晚上足够累。如今多亏这些做法,我的睡眠模式基本规律。每天大约晚上 9 点我就感到困,床开始变得很有吸引力。我这样做是为了日常状态,但知道它还能降低死亡风险也不错。
thimabi查看英文原文
I found the best way to ensure sleep regularity is by having a fixed wake-up time. If you don’t have one and you begin to set your alarm clock to early hours, the first weeks doing so will feel like hell. But eventually all will be worth it. The sleepiness during the day will disappear and, at night, your body will naturally want to get some rest early. Another strategy is to fill your day with deep work and exercise, so as to ensure maximum tiredness at night. Nowadays, my sleeping patterns are mostly regular thanks to these protocols. Every day about 9pm, I feel sleepy, and my bed begins to look very enticing. I follow this pattern for my daily well-being, but it’s nice to know it reduces my mortality risk, too.
亲历个人体验:长期固定只睡 6–7 小时,怀疑是否足够,且被吵醒后难以再入睡。
还有人无论怎样都稳定只睡 6 到 7 小时吗?我感觉这不是最优,偶尔睡到 8 小时的日子状态很好,但睡少一些也能正常运转。另外,被吵醒后很难再入睡,这真的很烦人。
hypeatei查看英文原文
Does anyone else consistently get 6 to 7 hours of sleep no matter what? It doesn't feel optimal and I feel great on the rare days I get 8 hours, but I can function just fine on less. Also cannot easily fall back asleep if woken up which is really frustrating.
质疑方法学质疑:仅凭一周数据推断 10 多年后的死亡率,中间的因果推断是跳跃的。
原文说:“我们旨在评估客观测量的睡眠规律性与全因死亡率、心血管代谢原因死亡率和癌症死亡率风险的关系,样本是一个佩戴加速度计一周的大型队列(N = 60,977)。”他们只看一周的睡眠数据,然后查 10 到 15 年后的死亡率记录。很难论证一周的糟糕睡眠和可能 10 多年后的死亡之间存在因果关系。显然,言下之意是那一周快照里睡眠极不规律的人长期也极不规律,进而对死亡率有因果影响,但要得出这个结论得做好几个推断跳跃。我很想看到用更长睡眠数据做同样的研究。
Calavar查看英文原文
> We aimed to assess the relationship of objectively measured sleep regularity with risk for all-cause mortality, and mortality from cardiometabolic causes and cancer, in a large cohort (N = 60 977) who wore accelerometer devices for 1 week. They look at one week of sleep data and then check mortality records about 10 to 15 years later. It's hard to argue a causative effect between one week of bad sleep and death potentially 10+ years out. Obviously there's an implication that people with terrible sleep regularity in that one week snapshot had terrible sleep regularity chronically, which in turn had a causative effect on mortality, but we have to make a couple of deductive jumps to get to that conclusion. I'd really like to see the same study with longer term sleep data.
补充DEC2 突变携带者睡得少但很规律,医生也对“睡眠不足必然有害”持保留态度。
有意思,我带有 DEC2 突变,不需要太多睡眠,但我睡得很规律。当初刚发现这一点时,我问医生:人们总说睡眠不足有害健康,为什么携带这种突变的人没有不良影响?他说“嗯,我们其实并不真的确定那是真的”,然后有点不以为然地耸了耸肩。
neom查看英文原文
Interesting, I have a DEC2 mutation and don't need much sleep, but I do sleep very consistently. When I was first working through this discovery, I asked the dr how it was that people who have this have no adverse effects when folks always say not sleeping long enough is bad for your health and he said "well, we don't really know that's true" and kinda shrugged it off.
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