生物与医学2022nature.com
仅初榨橄榄油摄入可降低死亡风险
Only virgin type of olive oil consumption reduces the risk of mortality: study
进阶 · 约 25 分钟读完前置知识：流行病学基础、生存分析、混杂因素
导读
这篇研究基于人群观察数据，考察不同类型橄榄油（virgin 初榨型与普通/精炼型）的摄入与全因死亡率之间的关系，结论是只有 virgin 型橄榄油的消费与较低死亡风险相关。作为观察性研究，其因果解释需谨慎，评论也主要围绕社会经济地位等混杂因素以及市售橄榄油真伪展开。
HN 关注点：“只有初榨橄榄油才降低死亡风险”这一结论是否可信，讨论焦点包括观察性研究的社会经济地位混杂，以及美国市场橄榄油掺假和标签乱象。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里：质疑 2 亲历 2
质疑社会经济地位是主要混杂因素，研究控制不足。
初榨橄榄油更贵。观察性健康研究中最重要且众所周知的混杂因素是社会经济地位——富人比穷人活得久。这项研究尝试有限地控制它，但远远不够。
oldgradstudent查看英文原文
Virgin olive oil is more expensive. The most important, and well known confounding factor in observational health research is socioeconomic status - rich people live longer than poor people. This research attempted to control for it in a limited fashion, but that's not nearly enough.
质疑“美国多数橄榄油掺假”是过时说法，现多为营销话术。
很多人会拿“美国大多数橄榄油是假的”来回应。但这源于一项旧研究，现在已经不成立；它成了 DTC 品牌营销推动的恐惧、不确定和怀疑（FUD）。
dfried查看英文原文
Lots of people are going to respond to this with comments about how most olive oil in the US is fake. This is based on an old study [1] and is no longer the case. It's now FUD perpetuated by DTC brands as part of their marketing. [2] [1] https://www.aboutoliveoil.org/uc-davis-olive-center-olive-oil-quality-reports [2] https://www.oliveoiltimes.com/briefs/brightland-drops-claims-that-most-olive-oils-in-u-s-are-adulterated-rancid/102608
亲历推荐可信的希腊初榨橄榄油，并提醒避开某些变质产品。
希腊橄榄油被认为是世界上最好的，而且不像意大利那样有黑手党渗透的大问题。美国能买到价格合理、不必担心掺假的优质希腊橄榄油；Trader Joe's 卖的希腊特级初榨橄榄油也很好。要避开 Whole Foods 和 365 品牌的希腊 EVOO：我每次试都发现是变质/哈喇的。
metroholografix查看英文原文
Greek olive oil is considered the best in the world and doesn't suffer from Mafia infiltration which is a huge problem in Italy [1] [2] [3]. Here is some good quality Greek olive oil available in US, reasonably priced, that you can buy without fear of adulteration or other shadiness: https://www.amazon.com/Terra-Creta-Kolymvari-Protective-Designation/dp/B00KROTNAW/ref=sr_1_1_a_it?ie=UTF8&qid=1549294575 https://www.amazon.com/Iliada-Extra-Virgin-Olive-Liter/dp/B003TO9SJS/ref=sr_1_2_mod_primary_new?crid=1BKWNC16YQO5W The Greek extra virgin olive oil sold at Trader Joe's is also very good. Avoid the - Whole Foods & 365 branded - Greek EVOO at Whole Foods: it was rancid every single time I've tried it. [1] https://www.reuters.com/article/us-italy-crime-food/italian-police-break-mafia-ring-exporting-fake-olive-oil-to-u-s-idUSKBN1602BD [2] https://www.oliveoiltimes.com/olive-oil-basics/mafia-olive-oil-on-60-minutes/50203 [3] https://www.forbes.com/sites/ceciliarodriguez/2016/02/10/the-olive-oil-scam-if-80-is-fake-why-do-you-keep-buying-it/#a2a6e4c639d7
亲历市售 EVOO 标签可信度存疑，个人体验难以判断差异来源。
在美国城市超市货架上，几乎所有橄榄油都标榜自己是“virgin”或“更好”的等级（extra virgin、first cold pressed 等）。我读到很多这类标签是胡扯，典型超市“特级初榨橄榄油”里常掺有棕榈油、菜籽油或葵花籽油。我确实能尝出超市货和知道进口商的高端油之间的差别，但不确定这反映的是橄榄/加工质量，还是“真”与“假”橄榄油的指标。
bgribble查看英文原文
On urban US supermarket shelves virtually every bottle of olive oil advertises itself as "virgin" or the "even better" varieties ("extra virgin", "first cold pressed" etc). I have read that many of these labels are hogwash, and that the contents of your typical supermarket "extra virgin olive oil" bottle pretty often include adulterants like palm, canola, or sunflower oil. I can definitely taste the diff between supermarket stuff and super-premium olive oil where I know who the importer is (in New York City, my go-to is the house brand of a restaurant called Frankie's 457 Spuntino who imports their own oil). But I'm not sure whether that reflects the quality of olives/processing, or is an indicator of "real" vs "fake" olive oil...
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