生物与医学2022cell.com
葵花凤头鹦鹉开垃圾桶是否导致与人类的创新军备竞赛？
Is bin-opening in cockatoos leading to an innovation arms race with humans?
入门 · 约 30 分钟读完前置知识：动物行为学基础、社会学习与文化传播概念
导读
这篇论文研究悉尼等地凤头鹦鹉学会打开居民垃圾桶取食的现象，探讨这是否构成鸟类与人类之间的“创新军备竞赛”：人类设计更复杂的垃圾桶盖，鹦鹉则不断学会破解。论文将这一互动视为动物文化传播与社会学习的典型案例。
HN 关注点：HN 读者对“动物与人类的技术对抗”这一有趣话题展开讨论，联想到熊与防熊垃圾桶的经典案例，并分享自己与凤头鹦鹉打交道的亲身经历。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里：质疑 1 补充 2 亲历 1
亲历亲历者证实凤头鹦鹉聪明且会敲门、翻垃圾桶
分享一个凤头鹦鹉与大厂的故事：今年我在 Netflix 参加全员会议，人在悉尼远程接入，一只凤头鹦鹉用喙敲我办公室的玻璃门想进来。我脱口喊“别敲了！别敲了！”，才发现麦克风开着——当时新经理正在发言，全公司都听到我在会上喊“停下”。我赶紧解释我不是在批评会议，而是在赶一只敲门鸟，还不得不发视频证明自己没疯。它们用喙敲：笃笃笃，早上六点敲醒你时很烦。最近我也注意到悉尼的凤头鹦鹉翻垃圾桶，这确实是个普遍现象。
brendangregg查看英文原文
Random cockatoo/FAANG story: I had an all-hands meeting earlier this year at Netflix, with me remote in Sydney, and a cockatoo knocked on my glass office door wanting to be let in -- so I'm saying "stop it! stop it!" when I realized my mic was on, and I'd said that to the whole org as my new manager was speaking. I quickly explained to everyone that I wasn't criticizing the meeting, oh no, I was actually talking to a bird that was knocking on the door. I then felt it best to post a video of the bird knocking so people didn't think I was crazy. They knock with their beak: tap tap tap. Gets annoying when they do it at 6am to wake you up. Recently I have noticed cockatoos raiding the bins in Sydney, it's definitely a thing.
补充引用熊与防熊垃圾桶的经典案例，指出防动物设计与人类易用性的矛盾
这让我想起 Schneier 博客上的故事：上世纪 80 年代优胜美地国家公园饱受熊闯入营地翻垃圾之苦，公园管理局开始安装带复杂锁扣的防熊垃圾桶。但设计很难拿捏——做得太复杂，游客自己都打不开。一位公园管理员说：“最聪明的熊和最笨的游客之间，存在相当大的智力重叠。”
mryan查看英文原文
I am reminded of something I first read on Schneier's blog [0]: Back in the 1980s, Yosemite National Park was having a serious problem with bears: They would wander into campgrounds and break into the garbage bins. This put both bears and people at risk. So the Park Service started installing armored garbage cans that were tricky to open—you had to swing a latch, align two bits of handle, that sort of thing. But it turns out it’s actually quite tricky to get the design of these cans just right. Make it too complex and people can’t get them open to put away their garbage in the first place. Said one park ranger, “There is considerable overlap between the intelligence of the smartest bears and the dumbest tourists.” 0: https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2006/08/security_is_a_t.html
质疑提出反向思路：与其对抗，不如主动让动物方便地获取垃圾
既然这是垃圾，为什么不干脆给它们提供一种容易获取的方式，免得它们把垃圾弄得到处都是？几点思考：1) 提供便利入口是否比限制访问更省事？2) 这些食物对它们有害吗？但它们反正已经在吃了，会不会随时间适应？既然人类正在夺走它们所有的自然栖息地，为什么不鼓励物种适应我们留下的环境？3) 它们的适应会让它们依赖我们……但只有生活在人类附近的那些。况且——我们是在想象一个人类不存在的未来吗？如果不是，那为什么不帮它们？
oraphalous查看英文原文
Since this is waste - why not provide an easy way for them to access it such that they don't make a mess? Some thoughts: 1) Could making it available be more effort than trying to restrict access? 2) The food is bad for them? But they are eating it anyway it seems. Will they adapt over time? Since humans are taking all their natural spaces away - why not encourage species to adapt to what we leave them? 3) Their adaptation makes them dependent on us... but only the ones that live around us. Besides - are we imagining a future where we aren't here? If no, then why not help them?
补充调侃人类或将以“捣蛋神”形象被动物文明铭记
另见 Gizmodo 那篇《我们正在与熊进行一场争夺食物的技术军备竞赛》。也许将来（既然我们迟早会把自己搞灭绝）我们会被铭记在熊或凤头鹦鹉的传说中，成为那种奇怪的无毛/无羽的捣蛋神，是它们给了我们制造谜题的启蒙，从而开启了它们的社会。大概不会，但想想挺有意思。
bee_rider查看英文原文
See also https://gizmodo.com/were-in-a-technology-arms-race-with-bears-for-our-food-1682344883 Perhaps we'll be memorialized (since we'll surely wipe ourselves out at some point) in bear or cockatoo legends as the weird hairless/featherless trickster gods that gave them the puzzle-making that kicked off their societies. Probably not, but it is funny to think about.
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