生物与医学2022science.org
中性粒细胞介导的急性炎症反应可防止慢性疼痛
Acute inflammatory response via neutrophil protects against chronic pain
入门 · 约 45 分钟读完前置知识：基础免疫学、炎症反应常识
导读
这篇发表在 Science Translational Medicine 上的论文研究急性炎症反应与慢性疼痛之间的关系，标题显示其核心结论是：通过中性粒细胞激活介导的急性炎症反应，反而能保护机体免于发展成慢性疼痛。这与人们通常用消炎药抑制炎症的直觉做法相悖，提示过度抑制急性炎症可能增加慢性疼痛风险。
HN 关注点：这一结论挑战了'炎症有害、应尽快消炎'的常识，对常用 NSAID 止痛药的人群有直接的现实意义，因此引发 HN 读者热议。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里：支持 1 补充 1 亲历 1
纠正帖子标题被改写的问题，给出论文原题。
实际标题是《通过中性粒细胞激活的急性炎症反应可防止慢性疼痛的发展》，请不要擅自改标题。
charles_f查看英文原文
Actual title is "Acute inflammatory response via neutrophil activation protects against the development of chronic pain", please do not editorialize titles
亲历亲历者佐证：停用 NSAID 并循序渐进康复后，慢性疼痛消失。
很有意思。我曾多年受急性腰痛和较严重的肌腱炎困扰，服用布洛芬等 NSAID 除了在症状严重时缓解外没什么帮助，结果就是一次次反复受伤。长期的解决办法是改变一些基本习惯（骑车不再背双肩包改用驮包、运动前充分热身），并开始一个非常缓慢的康复计划（约一年内循序渐进地增加运动量）。我还同时停用了 NSAID（康复期间稍有不适就降低运动量，其实并不需要止痛药），并服用促进结缔组织和骨骼发育的补剂（葡萄糖胺、软骨素、MSM、维C、钙羟磷灰石、镁）。如今我坚持轻量力量训练，背痛和肌腱炎已消失多年，几乎不再吃 NSAID。我曾停用补剂几个月，关节酸痛明显加重，但现在回想，停用布洛芬可能同样重要。
photochemsyn查看英文原文
Interesting stuff. I suffered from acute lower back pain and fairly severe tendonitis for a few years and taking NSAIDs (ibuprofen, etc.) certainly didn't help much other than to relieve symptoms when they got particularly bad. That practice just led to one round of re-injury after another. The long-term solution was to change some basic behaviors (never wear a backback while bicycling, use saddlebags instead, and always warmup before exercise), and I also started a very slow recovery program (i.e. about a year-long very steady-and-slow increase in exercise levels). I'm pretty sure a key component was the use of supplements for connective tissue development (glucosamine, chondroitin, MSM, vitamin C) and bone development (calcium-hydroxyapatite and magnesium sources). However, thinking back, I also quit the NSAIDs (which were unnecessary as I always backed off the exercise whenever I felt the slightest twinge during the recovery period). Nowadays, I just do continual light resistance training for back strength (basically frequent hiking with a well-balanced backpack), some relatively light gym workouts, and I've felt zero back pain for several years, and the tendonitis has also vanished, and I almost never take any NSAIDs (which I used to eat rather like candy). I still take that supplement mix (and I've tried going off it for a few months and had a notable increase in sore joints etc.) but now I wonder if quitting the ibuprofen was equally important.
支持引用播客专家观点：炎症是修复机制，过度抑制会拖慢恢复，关键在平衡。
我听的播客 Trainerroad（面向骑行者）一年多前做过一期关于恢复的专题，请了研究运动恢复的专家深入讨论。其中一个有意思的观点是：运动或急性损伤后的恢复过程中，身体的自然修复机制正是通过炎症实现的（这并不意外），而减少或阻断炎症会抑制身体的修复和重建能力，导致恢复大大变慢。总之，在'减少炎症以免致命或止痛'与'减少到妨碍身体自然修复'之间，需要把握一个平衡。
NoPicklez查看英文原文
I could be barking up the wrong tree, but there is a podcast I listen to called Trainerroad (for all you cyclists) and they did a special over a year ago on recovery. They spoke very in-depth and brought experts in studying recovery (in the context of sport). One of the interesting topics was that during recovery from exercise or an acute injury, your body's natural response to repair is through inflammation (not surprisingly). But that reducing or trying to block inflammation inhibits your body's ability to repair and build itself, leading to much slower recovery. All in all, it seems there is a balance between reducing inflammation to prevent it from either killing you or causing pain vs reducing it to the point that it prevents your body's natural build and repair processes.
补充分享 Rippetoe 的'故意加重炎症'疗法，其思路与论文结论暗合但缺乏科学证据。
Mark Rippetoe 极力推崇他针对肘部肌腱炎自创的疗法，其思路源自'针烧疗法'（pin firing）——一种治疗马腿损伤的老办法，用烧红的烙铁故意加重炎症，靠增强的炎症反应促使原伤愈合。他的肘部肌腱炎疗法基本就是：分多次做引体向上，做到肘部疼痛难以忍受还继续，用多组低次数反复刺激，以此加重炎症、促使身体连同炎症一起把原伤治好。他声称这治好了自己的肌腱炎，也帮了很多人。我练他的力量训练计划，但我不会去试，也不确定有没有科学证据支持。虽然可能是无稽之谈，但结合这篇论文觉得挺有意思。
tastysandwich查看英文原文
Mark Rippetoe swears by a remedy he developed for elbow tendonitis, based on pin firing. Pin firing is an old treatment for certain injuries to a horse's leg, whereby inflammation is intentionally exacerbated using a hot poker. The idea being that this increased inflammatory response causes the original injury to heal. His remedy for elbow tendonitis basically involves a few sessions of doing chin ups until your elbow pain is unbearable. And then keep going. Many low-rep sets over and over. The idea is that this will increase inflammation, causing your body to heal the original injury along with the inflammation. He claims this healed his own elbow tendonitis and has worked for countless others. I follow Rip's strength training program. However I can't say I'd ever give this a try and I'm not sure there's any scientific evidence that it works. Just thought it was pretty interesting, even if it's just bogus. I have no idea! https://startingstrength.com/training/elbow-tendonitis-how-it-occurs-and-what-to-do-about-it https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pin_firing (an article on his website) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c1frSvu8KyE (he talks about it in this podcast)
相关资源
从这篇论文所有 HN 讨论帖的全部评论里整理出来的链接。
历次讨论
- 2022Hacker News 讨论帖157 分 · 121 评
同领域还值得读
CRISPR 在活体动物中消除 HIV-1 感染
CRISPR eliminates HIV-1 infection in live animals
报告利用 CRISPR/Cas9 基因编辑技术在活体动物中清除 HIV-1 感染：研究人员通过腺病毒载体递送特定的 Cas9 系统，从被感染细胞中切除嵌入的 HIV 病毒 DNA。
生物与医学2017 · 1,455 分 · 239 评入门 · 约 30 分钟编辑精选保护区飞行昆虫生物量27年下降75%
75% decline over 27 years in total flying insect biomass in protected areas
这篇发表于 PLOS ONE 的研究通过在德国保护区长达 27 年的昆虫生物量监测，发现飞行昆虫总量下降了约 75%。
生物与医学2017 · 901 分 · 432 评入门 · 约 45 分钟编辑精选为什么大多数已发表的研究发现是错的
Why Most Published Research Findings Are False (2005)
这篇 2005 年发表于 PLOS Medicine 的经典论文由 John Ioannidis 撰写，论证了在统计功效不足、研究偏倚和多重检验等因素下，大多数已发表的医学研究发…
生物与医学2022 · 388 分 · 351 评入门 · 约 60 分钟编辑精选人类免疫系统的物理接线图
A physical wiring diagram for the human immune system
这篇 Nature 论文系统绘制了人类免疫系统的“物理接线图”：通过大规模实验鉴定免疫细胞表面受体之间的相互作用（包括约 30 种此前未知的受体互作），并结合定量计算模型模拟免疫…
生物与医学2022 · 342 分 · 49 评专业 · 约 90 分钟编辑精选脂肪组织在减重后仍保留肥胖的表观遗传记忆
Adipose tissue retains an epigenetic memory of obesity after weight loss
这篇 Nature 论文研究了肥胖对脂肪组织的长期影响：即使减重成功，脂肪细胞仍保留着肥胖时期的表观遗传记忆，可能解释为什么减重后容易反弹。
生物与医学2025 · 263 分 · 327 评进阶 · 约 45 分钟编辑精选