能源、气候与材料2020onlinelibrary.wiley.com
半透明太阳能板可同时实现作物种植与发电
Semi-transparent solar panels allow concurrent production of crops and power
进阶 · 约 30 分钟读完前置知识：光伏电池基础、植物光合作用、农业实验设计
导读
这篇论文研究半透明太阳能电池板与作物种植并行的"农业光伏"方案：让部分太阳光透过电池板供作物生长，同时发电。评论中提到的数据显示，该方案使作物接收的光照减少约57%，而生物量只下降约30%。论文的具体作物种类与实验细节不详。
HN 关注点：两点：光质与光量减少对作物是否真的无害，以及"耕地不够用"这一前提是否成立——讨论集中在亲历种植经验和土地是否真的稀缺。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里：质疑 1 补充 2 亲历 1
亲历亲历事例：滤掉蓝光的蓝色塑料袋导致番茄脐腐病，提示光质变化可能对作物有害。
我母亲春天天气还冷时就把番茄种下去，照例用透明塑料袋罩住。有一次袋子不够，她就拿一个蓝色的回收袋罩在其中一株上。那袋子带点蓝色，几乎是透明的。我注意到有一株叶子发黄，正是罩蓝色袋子的那株。到了夏天，这株也结了果，但每个番茄底部都畸形、看着像烂了，摸上去却是干的——这是缺钙导致的脐腐病。我一直在想是蓝袋子的原因，还是浇水的问题：所有植株施肥浇水都一样，只有这一株用了蓝袋。它只得到红光和绿光（绿光植物并不需要），却没有蓝光。植物对光照品质似乎非常敏感。我相信这些太阳能板是透明的，但哪怕只是挡掉一点点颜色，都可能有害。这个结果很有意思。
dghughes查看英文原文
My mother ayed tomatoes in the spring when it was still cool. She covered them with clear plastic bags as she always has. But she needed one more bag so she used a blue recycling bag on one of the plants. Blue tinged really it's almost clear. I pointed out to her one of the plants had yellow leaves. It was the plant with the blue bag. Later in the summer the blue bag plant produced fruit just like the other plants. But the bottom of each tomato was disfigured and looked rotten but it was dry to the touch. It's blossom rot due to low calcium. I have to wonder if it was the blue bag or lack of/too much water. All the plants got the same nutrients only this one had the blue bag. It got red light and green light which plants don't need but no blue light. Plants are seemingly very sensitive to sunlight quality. I'm sure the solar panels are clear but even a slight colour blockage may be harmful. It was an interesting result.
质疑质疑前提：地球并不缺土地，板下种植的必要性存疑。
只有那些一辈子都生活在极度拥挤的大城市里的人，才会觉得地球空间小到需要在太阳能板底下种作物来追求效率。
khawkins查看英文原文
Only people who spend most of their life in densely crowded cities could think that the planet has so little space that you'd need to grow crops underneath solar panels for efficiency's sake.
补充补充：透明光伏可与绿色屋顶结合，同时发电、降温、产氧。
不只是作物和发电。我认识一个人，他的创业公司在德国把透明太阳能板用在屋顶种草的环保建筑上，同时获得电力、生态降温和氧气产出——至少他是这么解释的。这个概念叫绿色屋顶（green roofs）。可惜我记不清他公司的名字了。这里有个介绍该概念的链接（不含透明太阳能板）：https://buildingradar.com/construction-blog/green-roofs/
Communitivity查看英文原文
Not just crops and power. I know a guy whose startup is using transparent solar panels in Germany on eco-friendly buildings with grass on roofs, to get power and eco-cooling, as well as Oxygen production - at least that is how he explained it. The concept is called green-roofs. Unfortunately I don't remember his startup's name. A link with details about the concept, minus the use of transparent solar panels: https://buildingradar.com/construction-blog/green-roofs/
补充关键数据（减光57%、生物量降30%）以及做成温室以延长生长季或可补偿损失。
这项技术让植物接收的光照减少约57%，但生物量只下降约30%，这很有意思。我想可以四周用玻璃或塑料围起来，把它做成温室。这让我怀疑，生长量的减少是否能被延长生长季带来的收益抵消。
chrisco255查看英文原文
So this technique reduces the sunlight the plants receive by about 57% but only reduces biomass growth by about 30%. It's very interesting. I imagine you could enclose the sides with glass or plastic and make a greenhouse from it. That makes me wonder if the reduction in growth wouldn't be offset by the ability to extend the growing season.
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从这篇论文所有 HN 讨论帖的全部评论里整理出来的链接。
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