经济与社会科学2019doi.org
大麻获取法律对阿片类药物处方的影响
The impact of cannabis access laws on opioid prescribing
入门 · 约 45 分钟读完前置知识：基础统计学、美国医疗体系常识
导读
该论文利用 2011–2018 年间超过 15 亿条阿片类药物处方数据，研究大麻可及性法律（医用/娱乐合法化）对阿片类药物处方的影响。结论是娱乐性和医用大麻可及法律分别使每年处方的吗啡毫克当量减少 11.8% 和 4.2%，表明大麻合法化可能有助于降低阿片类药物使用。
HN 关注点：阿片类药物危机是美国重大公共健康议题，这项基于海量处方数据的研究为大麻合法化提供了有力的实证支持，引发读者对联邦层面合法化为何迟迟不推进的讨论。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里：支持 1 补充 1 亲历 2
支持支持毒品去刑事化，认为大麻减少阿片处方是显而易见的，葡萄牙模式值得借鉴
作为前大麻使用者，我觉得这个结论显而易见。我不明白联邦层面的合法化为何如此困难——尽管存在未知风险，大麻仍有很多好处。也许我的想法有点激进：我希望所有毒品都去刑事化，葡萄牙的模式看起来运行得相当不错。
t34543查看英文原文
> Analyzing a dataset of over 1.5 billion individual opioid prescriptions between 2011 and 2018, which were aggregated to the individual provider-year level, we find that recreational and medical cannabis access laws reduce the number of morphine milligram equivalents prescribed each year by 11.8 and 4.2 percent, respectively. As a former marijuana user this seems obvious to me. I don’t understand why federal legalization has been so difficult. There are many benefits despite the potential of unknown risk. Maybe my beliefs are a little out there. I wish for all drugs to be decriminalized. Portugal’s model seems to be working quite well. https://time.com/longform/portugal-drug-use-decriminalization/
亲历亲历案例佐证大麻可替代多种处方药，批评跨州购药困境和禁令的不合理
我一位在伊拉克服役的朋友因服役留下很多健康问题，有一鞋盒的药物，但当他能用大麻时，只需要其中约 5 种。于是他每隔几个月开车跨越三个州去最近的合法州，待几天买够下次所需的量。这种经历非常普遍，甚至有 AirBnB 专门服务这些来购药的'医疗难民'。在我看来，一个植物被禁是疯狂的，尤其是比大麻危险得多的药物在街角药店无需出示身份证就能买到。
peckrob查看英文原文
A friend of mine served in Iraq and has a lot of health problems related to his time there. He has a shoebox full of medications for various ailments but, when he can use marijuana, he only needs like 5 of them. So every few months he drives three states over to the closest legal state, stays for a few days and buys enough to last him until his next visit. From what I understand, this experience is not uncommon at all. There are even AirBnB's that cater specifically to these "medical refugees" coming in to buy there because they cannot get the medication they need in their home states. It is really insane to me that prohibition of a plant continues despite all the evidence of its positive benefits. Especially when drugs that are far more dangerous to you than marijuana can be purchased at your corner drug store without even showing an ID.
补充指出制药行业态度转变：从抵制大麻到试图控制大麻市场
大型制药公司曾反对娱乐大麻合法化，现在他们正试图接管这个市场。
sarcasmatwork查看英文原文
Big Pharma once fought rec cannabis, now they are trying to take over it. https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2016/oct/22/recreational-marijuana-legalization-big-business https://www.zerohedge.com/news/2019-08-12/big-pharma-takeover-medical-cannabis
亲历从使用者角度解释大麻比阿片类止痛药更易得、更少官僚障碍
个人经验：大麻是一种相当有效的止痛手段，且无需处方即可获得。即使不考虑阿片类药物的可怕风险，我也更倾向于用街角大麻店能买到的止痛方式——成本更低，更重要的是手续和麻烦少得多。唯一的缺点是得吸食，除非自己加工，不过用低温慢煮做食用大麻或浸剂其实并不难。
ogre_codes查看英文原文
Personal anecdote warning Marijuana is a reasonably effective pain treatment which is readily available without prescription. Even without the really scary stuff surrounding Opiates, I'm far more likely to use the pain meds I can pick up at the corner dispensary. The cost of weed is far less and more important, availability and bullshit hoops I have to go through are far less. About the only downside to weed is you gotta smoke it unless you process it first and making edibles or an infusion with a sous vide is not very difficult at all. https://www.sousweed.com/blog/2015/6/13/sous-vide-cannabis-butter https://medium.com/sous-vide/sous-vide-thc-infused-cocktails-7689265aa7ac
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