经济与社会科学2022nber.org
拥有商科学位的管理者会降低员工工资，且不提高利润
Managers with a business degree reduce employees' wages, do not increase profit
进阶 · 约 45 分钟读完前置知识：计量经济学基础、劳动经济学、公司治理基础
导读
这篇 NBER 工作论文考察企业管理者拥有商科/商业学位会如何影响员工工资与企业利润。根据标题，核心结论是：商科背景管理者与员工工资下降相关，但并没有带来更高利润。具体样本、数据来源和识别策略我不确定，因此只作保守概括。
HN 关注点：是因为结论印证了他们对 MBA 管理者重指标、轻一线、压低工资却不创造利润的普遍怀疑，评论区迅速变成商学院批判和亲历故事会。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里：补充 1 亲历 3
亲历商学院灌输对员工的蔑视和可替换性，商科学位对公司多为负面影响。
我读商学院时，感觉他们像是在训练我们蔑视员工，尤其是低薪岗位。他们希望我们把员工当成机器上可替换的齿轮，跟服务器领域那场愚蠢的 pets-vs-cattle 争论差不多。我拿到学位后对管理和 MBA 这类人彻底反感。我认为商科学位和商学院对大多数公司是有毒影响；除少数例外，公司不如从业务其他部门提拔管理者，再给他们一点合规培训。
pdntspa查看英文原文
When I was in b-school, it was like they were trying to train us to have contempt for employees, especially the jobs where wages were low. They wanted us to treat them as fungible, replaceable cogs in the machine, not unlike this whole stupid pets-vs-cattle debate with servers. I got my degree but left utterly disgusted with management and MBA types. I am of the opinion that business degrees and business school are a toxic influence on most companies and that, with a few exceptions, they would be better served by hiring management types from other parts of the business and giving them some light compliance training instead.
亲历刚毕业 MBA 缺乏一线常识，连排班都做不好，却摆出业务权威姿态。
我一直好奇商学院到底教什么。我曾在一家公司，技术支持的员工多是大学辍学生、没人有商科学位，于是决定招一些有商科学位的人。几名 MBA 被招进来，都是刚毕业、只有实习经验，问题立刻暴露。他们第一项工作是给约25名7×24轮班技术支持排班。他们就是理解不了：表格里把某人排到周五午夜，再从周六午夜开始并不合理——那会连续工作20小时。和这些人共事很糟，他们就是‘我是业务人员，我按业务理由做决定，你照做’。最后我这个普通员工接管了排班，因为‘MBA团队’搞不定、不会平衡优先级。我确信有好的商学院，但我真怀疑这些学校教什么，如果连简单工时、数学、及时专业回邮件都不教。也许他们都该先去管一年麦当劳？
duxup查看英文原文
I always wonder what business schools actually teach. I worked at a company where it was decided that the tech support department had a bunch of college drop outs and nobody had a business degree so they had to hire some. A few MBA guys were hired. These guys had MBAs straight out of school with no experience outside some internships... and man it showed. Their first job was dealing with managing a schedule for about 25 people who manned the the tech support line 24/7. They just couldn't wrap their heads around the idea that on the spreadsheet if you schedule someone on Friday until Midnight... starting them at Midnight on Saturday doesn't make a lot of sense / they would be working 20 hours in a row. It's was horrible working with these guys. They embodied the "I'm business guy and I made my decision for business reasons and you should follow them." Eventually I (worker drone) took over the schedule because what became known as "the MBA team" couldn't handle it / had no idea how to balance priorities and etc. I'm sure there's some great schools for business / MBAs but I really wonder what they teach at those schools if just understanding simple hours, math, responding to emails in a timely / professional manner isn't it. It was almost like the old FedEx advert: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NcoDV0dhWPA Perhaps they should all be required to go manage a McDonalds for a year or something?
亲历反对把管理与员工分成阶级；一线晋升的管理者更合适，昂贵 MBA 文凭可能压低工资和利润。
商学院让我们学习管理者和员工是不同阶层的人，我因此退出了 MBA。我天生不可能这样想。我认为最好的管理者是从一线做起、逐级晋升的人，他们从下往上懂业务，也知道如何对待每一层的人。还有，大家总比较在哪读 MBA 让我很反感。那些花约20万美元去沃顿、却和我做同样工作的人让我觉得很怪。这类人仅凭文凭几乎哪里都能找到工作，但也可能压低工资和利润。
thenerdhead查看英文原文
I dropped out of a MBA after they had us learning that managers and employees are separate classes of people. It's just not in my character to ever think like this. I personally believe the best managers are those who have been at the front line and work their way up. They know the business from bottom-up and know how to treat people at each layer. Also got super turned off when everyone just compared where they went to get their MBA at. Those who spent like 200k to go to Wharton and do the same job as me always felt weird. Those same types can get a job just about anywhere with that credential alone but also may reduce wages & profits.
补充‘人力资本管理’措辞把员工彻底物化为可替换资本，反映 MBA 式管理思维。
有点跑题，但我们公司刚上线新 HR 系统。我不太喜欢‘人力资源’这个词，因为它暗示一种并不真实的员工可替换性；新系统的叫法更惊人——‘人力资本管理系统’。居然有人觉得把员工叫‘人力资本’可以接受，我目瞪口呆：从暗示可替换直接升级为‘你是机器上可替换的齿轮’。我猜负责这个项目的产品经理大概在某所商学院拿了 MBA，那里教的是管理和劳工必须持续斗争，因为工人贪婪又懒惰。
atty查看英文原文
This is pretty tangential, but my company just rolled out a new HR system. I don’t like the term Human Resources very much, because it implies a level of fungibity that isn’t really true, but the new one is simply astounding - they call it the “human capital management system”. I was awe struck that anyone thought calling employees “human capital” was at all acceptable, going from implied fungibility to full on “you are a replaceable cog in the machine”. I imagine the PM on that one got an MBA from a place that taught that management and labor need to be in a constant struggle because workers are greedy and lazy.
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