神经科学与心理学2019tandfonline.com
裸盖菇素的亚急性效应:共情与创造性思维
Sub-Acute Effects of Psilocybin on Empathy, Creative Thinking
进阶 · 约 35 分钟读完前置知识:心理学实验设计、基础统计、迷幻药药理学基础
导读
这篇论文考察裸盖菇素(psilocybin)在急性效应消退后对共情与创造性思维的短期影响。根据评论,研究在静修营式场景中让参与者摄入松露样本并进行事后评估;但样本非随机、无安慰剂对照且随访流失较大,因此因果归因受限。
HN 关注点:迷幻剂研究的方法学严谨性:观察到的效应可能来自静修环境和心理预期,而非药物本身。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里:质疑 3 补充 1
质疑效应可能来自静修营/团体活动而非药物,缺乏对照组使结论很弱。
我不确定这里的效果能否归因于裸盖菇素。它描述的是一场社交活动后的总体幸福感提升,而这场活动同时也是静修营,重点是大家一起做令人愉快的活动,也就是摄入裸盖菇素。我很好奇作家静修营、兽迷或动漫展、团体徒步、冥想静修是否也会出现同样效果。连尝试设对照都没有,使这篇论文整体上很弱,我不会用它支持任何结论。
SolaceQuantum查看英文原文
I don't really know if the effects can be attributed to psilocybin here. It describes general well-being improvements after a social event that was also a retreat focused on a mutually enjoyable activity which was psilocybin exposure. I'm curious if this happens also in writer's retreats, furry or anime conventions, group hiking, or meditation retreats. The lack of even an attempt at control makes it a very weak paper overall and I wouldn't attribute it to support anything.
质疑静修营环境是重大混杂因素,需与无药物静修对照。
确实。静修营的环境(“摄入后,参与者被要求留在场地内,可自由活动,只要不打扰他人。引导者提供音乐、绘画/写作工具和食物。晚上所有参与者和引导者重新聚在一起。”)可能对结果有显著影响。至少应与非摄入裸盖菇素的类似静修营比较。否则效果可能完全来自环境,比如远离忙碌生活的平静放松的静修营。
Cynddl查看英文原文
> Due to the non-random sample, as well as the lack of placebo control, it could be argued that sub-acute enhancements are due to uncontrolled factors such as psychological expectations, or the environment in which the drug is taken. Indeed. The setting of the retreat (“After ingestion, participants were instructed to stay on the premises, and were able to do what they wanted, as long as they did not disturb other participants. Facilitators provided music, tools to draw and/or write, and food. In the evening, all participants and facilitators came back together as a group.”) might have had a significant effect on the results. These should be, at least, compared to a similar retreat where no psilocybin is ingested. Otherwise, the effects could come solely from the environment, e.g., a calm and relaxing retreat far from a busy life.
补充与JHU抑郁改善结果一致,但7天随访返回不足一半是缺陷。
约翰斯·霍普金斯此前的已显示,摄入数月后抑郁有显著改善,所以这与那一致。可惜不到一半的研究人群返回参加第7天评估。
MobileVet查看英文原文
Prior research at Johns Hopkins has shown significant improvements in depression months after ingestion, so this would track with that. Sad that less than half of the study population returned for the 7 day evaluation point.
质疑质疑一天内多次摄入是否因快速耐受而无效,涉及给药方案。
“松露样本(15克;Psilocybe Hollandia)含1.9毫克裸盖菇素和10.5毫克psilocin。参与者一天内平均(SD)摄入34.2(8.9)克松露。”我以为不能一次服用多份,因为服用后会很快产生耐受?
mkeespiet查看英文原文
"The truffle sample (15 grams; Psilocybe Hollandia) contained 1.9 mg of psilocybin and 10.5 mg of psilocin. Participants ingested an average (SD) 34.2 (8.9) grams of truffles throughout the day." I thought it is not possible to take more than one portions at the time as you build up tolerance directly after taking it?
相关资源
从这篇论文所有 HN 讨论帖的全部评论里整理出来的链接。
- 评论区提到的论文
历次讨论
- 2019Hacker News 讨论帖13 分 · 3 评
- 2019Hacker News 讨论帖156 分 · 59 评
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