经济与社会科学2017researchgate.net
Facebook 的扩展“寒蝉”效应（2016）
The extended ‘chilling’ effect of Facebook (2016)
进阶 · 约 40 分钟读完前置知识：寒蝉效应概念、社交媒体使用经验、基础统计与问卷方法
导读
这篇论文讨论 Facebook 等无处不在的社交网络是否会产生一种“扩展的寒蝉效应”：人们因担心被监视、被传播或被社会评价而自我审查，而且这种影响可能从线上延伸到线下日常表达。标题和讨论都强调，问题不仅是平台使用本身，更在于持续意识到社交网络这台“八卦机器”及其算法如何塑造言行。
HN 关注点：社交网络的数据收集、算法和群体规范究竟在多大程度上压缩了真实表达，以及线上自我审查是否会外溢到线下。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里：质疑 1 补充 2 亲历 1
补充寒蝉效应的关键不只是监视，而是社会规范的执行者从熟人社区变成了匿名数据收集与算法。
思考寒蝉效应的另一种方式，是文明和文化强加于人的社会规范。虽然这项研究（以及许多关于社交网站的讨论）聚焦监视因素，但社会不可能让人人表达所谓真实自我还照今天这样运转。所以问题变成：言论自由与文化所强加的社会规范之间界线在哪。过去这条线由家人和社区、你每天见到的人划；现在不仅由亲密联系人划，还可能由社交网站的匿名数据收集划。这才是寒蝉效应真正可怕之处：执行者不再是我们认识互动的人，而是我们可能几乎不认识的人，以及社交网络算法喂给我们的营销和新闻信息。
scotch_drinker查看英文原文
Another way to think about a chilling effect is just the social norms that civilization and culture enforce on people. While this research (and much of the discussion of social network sites) focuses on the surveillance factor, society can't just have people expressing their so called real self and still function in the way it does today. So the question to me becomes where is the line drawn between free expression and societal norms enforced by our culture. Once upon a time, that line was drawn by your family and your community, people who you saw every day probably. Now, it's being drawn not just by your close contacts but likely also by the anonymous data collection of social network sites. That would seem to be the true scary part of this chilling effect, that it's no longer being enforced by people we know and interact with but instead by people who we may barely know at all as well as by the marketing and news information that we are fed through the algorithms of social networks.
补充让人自我审查的未必是平台使用，而是对社交网络放大八卦和攻击的普遍警觉。
参与社交网络并意识到一件傻事可能被放大的人，会限制线下行为，降低被人发布并成为靶子的可能。我认为让人谨慎的与其说是使用社交网络，不如说是意识到它是多么可怕的大规模八卦武器。
scotty79查看英文原文
It stands to reason that people participating in social networks and being aware of how a silly thing might get blown out of proportions will limit their offline behavior to reduce the possibility that someone will publish that and paint a target on their backs. I think It's not so much use of the social networks that makes people more careful. Just awareness how much of a WMD gossip machine they are.
质疑个人经验显示线上表达更放得开，因此质疑寒蝉效应是否真的外溢到线下。
我不确定。以我的经验，人们在线更可能直言或情绪化，线下则比根据网上言论想象的要克制得多。
muninn_查看英文原文
Hmm. I'm not sure about this. From my experience people are a lot more likely to speak their mind or engage in highly emotional behavior online, but in-person are a lot more reserved than you would think based on what they say online.
亲历个人经历显示人们为迎合受众而自我审查，用安全内容换取点赞。
就我自己而言，即使内容很无聊，我也不会在动态里发很多同性恋相关内容，因为很多异性恋者不会认同或来往。我的大部分内容刻意具有普遍吸引力。多数人也是如此，这解释了 FB 上大量狗猫、婴儿、食物和度假照片：它们是安全的普遍话题，人人都能点赞；而点赞是我们在交易的货币。
headShrinker查看英文原文
Just knowing myself I don't post a lot of gay stuff on my feed even if it's inane because there so many straight people who just wouldn't associate. Most of my content has a universal appeal by design. This is the same for most, which explains the high rate of dog/cat, baby, food and vacation pics on fb. They are safe universal topics that everyone can "like". After "likes" are the currancy we are trading
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