AI 与机器学习2024arxiv.org
人工意识可以实现吗?来自人类大脑的启示
Is artificial consciousness achievable? Lessons from the human brain
入门 · 约 45 分钟读完前置知识:意识哲学基础、神经科学基础
导读
这篇论文(标题意为“人工意识可实现吗?来自人脑的教训”)从人脑研究出发,讨论人工意识是否可能,并尝试借助人脑意识的机制或特征来评估AI系统。具体结论我无法从现有信息确认;较保守的说法是,它强调讨论人工意识需先厘清人脑意识的关键条件,而不能只凭行为表现下判断。
HN 关注点:HN读者围绕意识能否被判定、唯物主义之外的意识理论,以及意识是否局限于大脑展开哲学讨论。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里:质疑 2 补充 1
补充推荐唯物主义之外的意识理论资源,主张先理解对立观点。
我写这条评论,是想让那些想了解唯物主义/物理主义以外的替代意识理论的人知道去哪里找论证充分的立场。(说明:我不是来辩论或说服谁,那浪费时间。)我推荐关注 Federico Faggin(硅栅技术发明者、最早微处理器开发者之一)、Bernardo Kastrup(计算机工程博士,研究可重构计算与AI,曾任CERN LHC工程师)、Donald D. Hoffman(计算心理学博士,UC Irvine认知科学教授)参与的讨论。YouTube上有很多他们的对话。如果你认为唯物主义是唯一有科学可信度的心的理论,尤其应尽量冷静地探索这些讨论。正如 Christopher Hitchens 在关于 John Stuart Mill 与言论自由的著名演讲中提醒的:只有彻底理解对立观点,才能真正理解自己的立场。
tomhoward查看英文原文
I’m writing this comment so that people who want to know more about alternative theories of consciousness (to materialism/physicalism [1]) can know where to go to find well-argued positions on the topic. (To be clear, I’m not here to argue about the topic or try to persuade anyone of any position – that’s a waste of everyone’s time). I recommend seeking out discussions involving: - Federico Faggin: inventor of silicon-gate technology and developer of the earliest microprocessors; - Bernardo Kastrup: Ph.D. in computer engineering (reconfigurable computing, artificial intelligence), former CERN engineer at the LHC; - Donald D. Hoffman: Ph.D. in computational psychology, professor in Cognitive Sciences at UC Irvine. On YouTube you can find plenty of discussions involving these figures, some with each other, and plenty more with others. I’d suggest it’s particularly important to explore these discussions as dispassionately as possible if you regard materialism as the only theory of mind that has any scientific credibility or validity. As Christopher Hitchens reminds us in his legendary oration on John Stuart Mill and free speech [2], it’s only by thoroughly understanding the opposing view that we can thoroughly understand our own position on any topic. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialism [2] https://youtu.be/zDap-K6GmL0?t=120
质疑他心问题使人工意识判断本质上不确定,只能按相似性推测。
我们甚至不知道其他人是否有意识。唯一较确定的是,在某些指标上越像我们的东西越可能真有意识,越不像的越不可能。也许一切都有意识,也许只有自己。即使发明了 Freaky Friday 式身体互换,也永远无法真正知道。
hiAndrewQuinn查看英文原文
We don't even know whether other human beings are conscious, man. The only thing which we might say with much certainty is that things which are more "like us" along some metric are more likely to be actually conscious, and things which are less "like us" are less likely to be so. Maybe everything is conscious. Maybe nothing except one's own self. But you'll never truly know one way or another, even if humanity invented some kind of Freaky Friday body swap thing.
质疑意识可能超出大脑物理结构,暗示人工意识未必能仅靠模拟大脑实现。
就我们所知,意识可能并不完全包含在大脑的物理结构中;它也可能部分存在于我们尚不了解的另一层现实中。
grishka查看英文原文
For all we know, it might be that consciousness is not fully contained in the physical structure of the brain. It might as well be something that partially exists on another layer of reality we have no idea about yet.
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从这篇论文所有 HN 讨论帖的全部评论里整理出来的链接。
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- 2024Hacker News 讨论帖216 分 · 578 评
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