图形学与人机交互2022researchgate.net
文盲人群如何使用手机
How illiterate people use their mobile phones (2012)
进阶 · 约 35 分钟读完前置知识：人机交互基础、可访问性设计、定性研究方法
导读
这篇2012年的论文研究不识字者如何使用手机，标题即点出核心立场：文字并非不可逾越的障碍。根据文中受访者的表现，他们靠视觉记忆、图标位置和反复操练掌握菜单路径，操作速度可与识字者相当，亲友会在记忆阶段提供协助。
HN 关注点：挑战了“识字是使用数字设备前提”的直觉，并延伸到语音/视觉界面设计与认知差异的讨论。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里：补充 2 亲历 2
亲历菜单/列表是识字文化的产物；对低识字用户，对话式语音菜单优于按键编号菜单。
我的博士论文研究面向识字能力有限人群的语音界面设计。最令我惊讶的发现之一是，菜单甚至项目列表并不是识字语境之外自然存在的概念。即便做语音界面，按键式菜单（“要X请按1，要Y请按2……”）也比等效的语音菜单（“你想要X、Y还是Z？”）难操作得多。博士最后一年我作为副业写了个iPhone应用，意外把我带进创业世界，毕业后就走了创业这条路。但这个领域仍然让我着迷。
jsherwani查看英文原文
My PhD thesis focused on voice interface design for people with limited literacy skills. One of the most surprising discoveries for me was that menus and even lists of items aren’t natural concepts that exist outside of a context of literacy. Even for voice interfaces, a touch tone menu (“for X press 1, for Y press 2...”) was a lot harder to navigate than an equivalent voice-based menu (“would you like X, Y, or Z?”). As a side project during my final year of my thesis research, I wrote an iPhone app that unexpectedly propelled me into the world of entrepreneurship, so I ended up pursuing the startup life after I graduated. But this space is still fascinating to me.
补充亲历说明拼写困难者处理音素的方式不同，“按发音拼”并不普遍。
这很有意思。它让我想起最近和一位拼写很吃力的朋友聊天。他的母语是英语，但有时我也很难看懂他发给我的消息。最近他问我某个词怎么拼，我说“按发音拼就行”，他说这没用，不明白什么意思。于是我把单词大声拼出来，边拼边发音。最后他说，他的大脑不是这样运作的——他几乎无法在拼写时把声音保持在脑子里。我真的很震撼，我们大脑的差异如此不同。
serverlessmom查看英文原文
This is really interesting. It reminds me of a conversation I had recently with a friend of mine who struggles a lot with spelling. His first language is English and even so sometimes it is hard to decipher what he means when he messages me. Recently he asked me how to spell something and I said, "You spell it exactly how it sounds," and he told me that doesn't help him and he didn't understand what that meant. So I spelled the word out loud and sounded it out as I went. At the end he told me that his brain doesn't work that way- that it's nearly impossible for him to hold the sounds in his head while he tries to spell. I was really quite awestruck by that distinct differences in our brains.
亲历视觉记忆按钮位置可替代阅读，亲历佐证。
我在东京学日语，同时做一个小企业会计应用。日本会计非常专门，即使我报了课，也不可能很快学会所有汉字。但我让一位日本同事很惊讶：我很快从视觉上记住了需要点击的按钮位置，从而把应用功能从iPhone移植到Android。结果发现，只要你看过某个东西被正确使用，并能凭视觉记住按钮位置，就几乎不需要能读懂什么。
gleenn查看英文原文
I was learning Japanese in Tokyo while also working on a small-business accounting app. Japanese accounting is extremely specific, so even for someone enrolled in classes, there was no way I would be learning all those kanji any time soon. I impressed a Japanese co-worker though, because I quickly learned visually where the buttons I needed to click were so I could copy the app features from iPhone to Android. Turns out you don't have to be able to read almost anything as long as you see something used correctly and can remember button locations visually etc.
补充论文原文引述：不识字者靠死记硬背和亲友协助掌握数字界面，菜单操作速度不逊识字者。
他们浏览手机菜单的速度与识字者相同。我们常常不得不请受访者慢一点，因为他们要演示如何在手机上完成某些任务。他们通过死记硬背掌握重要功能：“点这个图标后，我要往下两次，然后——点！——就完成了。”他们学习操作ATM和游戏机等其他重要数字界面时也用同样方法。家人或朋友在记忆阶段提供帮助，他们则在亲友面前反复练习这些步骤，直到需要多少次就多少次。
newsbinator查看英文原文
> The speed at which they traversed the phone menus was the same as for literate people. We often had to ask our interviewees to slow down when they were showing us how they performed certain tasks on their phones. They mastered important functionality through rote learning: “After I have clicked on this icon I need to go down twice and then – click! - I’m done.” This was the same technique that they used to learn how to operate other important digital interfaces such as ATMs and game consoles. Family or friends assisted during the memorization phase and they repeated the procedures in their presence as many times as needed.
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