安全与密码学2018snap.stanford.edu编辑精选
Freenet:一种分布式匿名信息存储与检索系统(2000)
Freenet: A Distributed Anonymous Information Storage and Retrieval System (2000)
进阶 · 约 60 分钟读完前置知识:分布式系统基础、P2P 网络原理、哈希与路由基础
导读
这篇 2000 年的论文提出了 Freenet,一个分布式、匿名的信息存储与检索系统。它采用去中心化的 P2P 架构,让文件在节点间分散存储,且不暴露发布者或请求者的身份,从而抵抗审查。HN 上的讨论多围绕其实际使用体验:可发现性差、内容质量低,以及执法机构仍能在其中定位用户。
HN 关注点:匿名网络工具的理想设计与现实落差:Freenet 的理念虽好,但实际使用中可发现性差、内容多为非法内容,且执法仍能渗透,引发对匿名技术价值与风险的讨论。
后来怎么样
Freenet 是 P2P 匿名存储与抗审查分发的早期代表作,其分布式哈希表与路由设计影响了后续 P2P 与匿名通信系统的研究。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里:质疑 1 补充 2 亲历 1
亲历Freenet 理念好但可发现性差、内容质量低,导致名声不佳
我一直很喜欢 Freenet 的理念和设计,但每次尝试使用时遇到的主要问题是:内容可发现性极差,而且即使好不容易找到内容,通常也是我不想看到的东西。这给很多人留下了不好的印象,也让它背上了“只有非法内容”的名声。
simcop2387查看英文原文
I've always loved the ideals and design of Freenet for what it does, but the main issues I always ran into when I'd check it out were that discoverability was horrible and then once you did manage to dig into things and find content it was usually stuff I wouldn't want to find to begin with. That's left a lot of bad impressions on people I think, and caused it to have a reputation for only illegal things on it.
补充匿名既降低社会约束导致恶行,也可能促进创造力与自由表达
这让我思考 Freenet、Tor 等工具的用例。间谍活动是一种场景——需要在不暴露任何参与者身份的情况下传递消息。匿名显然会改变人们的沟通方式,但我知道的研究更多关注人们在匿名时如何表现恶劣。任何在互联网上待过的人都知道,哪怕是很薄的匿名层也会引发行为变化。匿名程度越高,遵守社会规范的压力就越小。但从另一个角度看,匿名也可能带来创造力和自由表达——如果觉得不会被评判,人们可能更愿意敞开心扉。
cantthinkofone查看英文原文
It makes me wonder about use cases for tools like freenet, tor, etc. Espionage of some sort comes to mind and the need to deliver a message from sender to receiver without identifying any participants . Otherwise there is some other implicit recognition that anonymity can be productive. Anonymity clearly changes how individuals communicate, but the research I know of tends to focus more on how people like to behave badly and mischievously when there is no known reputation or name associated with the consequences of a action. Anyone who has spent any time on the internet knows the ability to obscure identity, however thin or unsophisticated, elicits changes in behavior. I highly doubt the producers of these tools construct them with the goal of inviting mayhem in mind. Regardless, the more anonymous a data transfer is, the less social pressure there is to communicate within certain permitted boundaries. Outside of a authority point of view, there's also the potential for creativity and free association related to anonymity. If one feels you won't be judged because of saying something, you might open up.
补充互联网已从自由工具演变为国家监控手段
年轻时我以为互联网是自由,如今它更多成了国家的控制工具。过去你还能躲开国家,现在不行了——你的日常活动都被记录。中国只是一个例子,而且他们不是唯一这么做的。
ngcc_hk查看英文原文
When I was young I thinkn internet is freedom. These day it is more of a control device by the state. In the older days, you can hide from the state. These day you can’t. Your day to day activities are recorded. China is just one example. And they are not the only one.
质疑质疑:执法如何在匿名网络中定位用户?
“加拿大安大略省皮尔区最近的一起法庭案件 R. v. Owen, 2017 ONCJ 729 表明,执法部门确实在 Freenet 上有存在——皮尔区警方定位到了在 Freenet 网络上下载非法材料的人。”我没研究过 Freenet 的架构,有人能简单解释一下这是怎么做到的吗?我一直惊讶于 Freenet 上没有更多成熟的人权博客,也许存在我不了解的安全隐患。
Nerada查看英文原文
>A recent court case in the Peel Region of Ontario, Canada R. v. Owen, 2017 ONCJ 729 (CanLII), illustrated that Law Enforcement do in fact have a presence, after Peel Regional Police, located who had been downloading illegal material on the Freenet network. I haven't looked into the architecture of Freenet, but would someone be able to give a quick rundown of how this is possible? I was always surprised there weren't more well established, long-form, human rights blogs on Freenet but maybe there are security concerns I'm not aware of.
历次讨论
- 2018Hacker News 讨论帖152 分 · 71 评
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