系统与数据库2017bsdfrog.org
OpenBSD 与 FreeBSD 的全面且有偏比较
Comprehensive and biased comparison of OpenBSD and FreeBSD
进阶 · 约 40 分钟读完前置知识:操作系统基础、Unix/Linux 使用经验、BSD 项目背景
导读
这篇论文由两位 BSD 开发者从各自立场出发,对 OpenBSD 和 FreeBSD 的技术实现、设计愿景与项目取舍做主观、带偏见的对比;作者明言这不是中立技术评测,而是像朋友喝酒时互相吐槽、也肯定对方长处的交流。文中既讨论差异和弱点,也借此展示两个项目各自的创新与定位。
HN 关注点:这种“互相吐槽又互相肯定”的偏见式 BSD 对比,以及 BSD 在商业产品和开源基础设施中的实际影响。
HN 评论精选
这几条评论里:支持 1 补充 3
支持两个 BSD 各有创新和独特价值,即使小众也值得关注;FreeBSD 有潜力接替 Solaris 的企业级角色。
这篇论文的一个亮点是最后一节(如果你能忍受读那么长)。双方都评论了对手 BSD 的优势:OpenBSD 被称赞“处理了很可能原本永远不会发生的重要项目”(例如 OpenSSH),尤其是 OpenBSD 还关心把自己的项目移植到非 BSD 系统(例如 Linux)。同时,FreeBSD 被称赞“它是一个真正的‘企业级’操作系统,我认为它正在慢慢填补 Solaris 留下的位置”。归根结底,OpenBSD 和 FreeBSD 都是小众系统。它们没有 Linux 那样的流行度,可能永远也不会有。但这不是问题。两者都是仍在创新的重要操作系统,因此值得关注。FreeBSD 作为 Solaris 继任者的称赞尤其说明问题——Solaris 是带来 DTrace 和 ZFS 的操作系统,而我相信 FreeBSD 有第一个容器系统(jail)。
jcranmer查看英文原文
One of the nice things about this is the last section (if you can bear to read that long). Both people comment on the strengths of the opponent's BSD: OpenBSD is complemented on "tackling very important project [sic] which would probably have never happened otherwise" (e.g., OpenSSH), particularly also the fact that OpenBSD cares to see their projects ported to !BSD (e.g., Linux). Meanwhile, FreeBSD is complemented on "its [sic] a real “enterprise” oper- ating system and I think it is slowly filling the spot left by Solaris." At the end of the day, both OpenBSD and FreeBSD are niche systems. They don't have the popularity of Linux, and they probably never will. But that's not a problem. Both of them are major operating systems that do innovate, and hence they're worth paying attention to. That's where the compliment of FreeBSD as becoming Solaris's successor is really telling--Solaris was the operating system that brought us DTrace and ZFS, and it was FreeBSD who I believe had the first container system (jail).
补充论文自我定位为两位 BSD 开发者主观、友好且带偏见的对比,不是中立评测。
供参考——摘要:本文会考察 FreeBSD 和 OpenBSD 操作系统的一些差异。它并不打算只谈技术,还会展示支配实现方式的不同“愿景”和设计决策。预计这是两位 BSD 开发者带有主观性的观点,并不假装代表这些项目。我们不想把它做成挑衅演讲,而是一次随意友好的交流,像喝酒时那样互相开玩笑。当然,在合理的时候我们也会试着直击痛处。显然,我们都有自己的主观偏好,并会解释原因。展示一些弱点可能会鼓励人们在某些领域做出贡献。这里讨论的大多数主题都值得单独写论文和演讲,因此有些主题可能没有得到应有的深入分析。这是一个来自两种视角、完全带偏见的演讲。
Mark_B查看英文原文
FYI - Abstract This paper will look at some of the differences between the FreeBSD and OpenBSD operating systems. It is not intended to be solely technical but will also show the different "visions" and design decisions that rule the way things are implemented. It is expected to be a subjective view from two BSD developers and does not pretend to represent these projects in any way. We don't want it to be a troll talk but rather a casual and friendly exchange while nicely making fun of each other like we would do over a drink. Of course, we shall try and hit where it hurts when that makes sense. Obviously, we both have our personal subjective preferences and we will explain why. Showing some of the weaknesses may encourage people to contribute in some areas. Most of the topics discussed here could warrant their own paper and talk and as such some may not get the deep analysis they deserve. This is a totally biased talk from two different perspectives.
补充提供了该论文对应的 FOSDEM 演讲链接,方便读者对照观看。
这似乎是他们在 FOSDEM 所做演讲的文字版:https://fosdem.org/2017/schedule/event/my_bsd_sucks_less/
ploek查看英文原文
This appears to be a written down version of the talk they gave at FOSDEM: https://fosdem.org/2017/schedule/event/my_bsd_sucks_less/
补充FreeBSD 和 OpenBSD 支撑了许多商业产品和开源基础设施,值得用户捐款或贡献。
顺便说一句,你捐款了吗?:) 你可能知道也可能不知道:FreeBSD 支撑着 Netflix 上的电影、PlayStation 4 和 Nintendo Switch 上的游戏、FreeNAS 和 ZFS 上的文件、你朋友在用的 WhatsApp,而 OpenBSD 则用 OpenSSH 支撑其他一切。;) 所以,你可能知道也可能不知道,你需要 FreeBSD 和 OpenBSD,它们也需要你!每一分钱、每一位贡献者都很重要,这有助于基金会保持非营利地位。
tachion查看英文原文
While you're here, have you donated[0][1] yet? :) You may or may not be aware, but FreeBSD runs your movies on Netflix, your games on PlayStation 4 and Nitendo Switch, your files on FreeNAS and ZFS, your friends on WhatsApp and OpenBSD runs everything else on OpenSSH. ;) So, you may or may not know that, but you need FreeBSD and OpenBSD and they also need you! Every cent counts and so does every contributor, that helps the foundations keep their non-profit status. [0] https://www.freebsdfoundation.org/donate/ [1] https://www.openbsd.org/donations.html
相关资源
从这篇论文所有 HN 讨论帖的全部评论里整理出来的链接。
历次讨论
- 2017Hacker News 讨论帖170 分 · 74 评
- 2018Hacker News 讨论帖86 分 · 7 评
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